Researching military records

Researching military records

Today being Remembrance day, here is a starting guide to help in researching your ancestor’s military past.

In Canada, The Library And Archives website gives free access to databases pertaining to military and peacekeeping.  There are indexes which gives helps to research by name, surname, regimental numbers, year, etc.

The address is at http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/military-peace/index-e.html

As an example I was able to find the document of particular of recruit for my great grandfather, Pierre Séguin, under the Soldiers of the First World War – CEF section:

The website offers more databases, be it war diaries, photographs, etc.

Commercial websites offers databases or indexes to military collections.  For example, Ancestry offers numerous collections.  The mainpage for the military section is available at:

http://search.ancestry.ca/search/category.aspx?cat=39

For US military records, a great resource is Fold3 which has more than 100 millions images and is specialized in military records:

http://www.fold3.com/

Other resources:

United States – Department of Veterans Affairs – Gravesite Locator

209 Comeau listed,
156 Comeaux listed
6 Commeau listed
9 Commo listed

Canadian Virtual War Memorial (20 Comeau listed)

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DNA: Comeau Y-DNA result

DNA: Comeau Y-DNA result

DNA analysis is another tool for the genealogist to help in their research.  With the different tests available to everyone, a genealogist can make some interesting discoveries like:

  • Confirmation of adoption
  • Determination of deep ancestry
  • Percentage of ethnicity
  • Establishment of links with cousins

There are numerous DNA tests that can be taken to help in your research:

  • Y-DNA.  Only men can take this test and is the chosen test for anything related to surname analysis.  It is the DNA that is passed from father to son and reflects the direct paternal line.
  • mtDNA. This is a test that can be taken be men and women.  It is the DNA that is passed from mother to child, but only women pass it on.  The genealogy application is harder because it follows the direct maternal line.
  • Autosomal DNA:  Everyone can take this test.  It is the DNA that is passed from all ancestors.  It’s genealogical usefulness do not really exceed 5 or 6 generations because of mixing occurring every generation.  Can help to connect with cousins and is the test that will give you your ethnic percentage.

My father took a Y-DNA test at AncestryDNA to help with the Comeau/Coombs study that helped to determine the relationships between the Coombs and Comeau families.  I took a similar Y-DNA test at FamilyTreeDNA and will share the typical results a Comeau descendant will obtain.

Y-DNA matches

A Y-DNA tests markers, which are specific segments of your DNA.  Each marker tested will give you a specific value.  A match between two individuals is when they both have identical values, barring some possible mutations.  A mutation occurs when for the same marker, from one generation to another, there will be a change in the value.  From there, you can calculate the genetic distance between two tests by adding the mutations.  Here is the table at FamilyTreeDNA to guide the analysis:

For example, for the Comeau/Coombs study, all tests were at a genetic distance of 0 to 1, for a 33 marker comparison.

With a 37 markers from FamilyTreeDNA as an example, you see here the analysis table for the first genetic distances:

The more segments tested, the more your analysis can be precise.  I chose the 67 markers at FamilyTreeDNA.  You can compare your test with mine or other genealogists who tested by going to FamilyTreeDNA or AncestryDNA.  It is possible to import your FamilyTreeDNA results in AncestryDNA so you can compare at both places.

So for example, this will help a Coombs, a Leclerc or a Como descendant to confirm if they are descendants of Pierre Comeau. This test was how we could determine for example that Alexander Comeau, son of Charles Comeau and Marie Lavoie was in fact adopted because the descendants’ tests were really different from mine.

Haplogroup

Another aspect that is received from a Y-DNA test is the predicted haplogroup.  A haplogroup is a major branch on the human paternal family tree.  Each major branch is further divided in subbranches, or subclades. It maps the migration of humans throughout history.

My predicted haplogroup is R1b1a2 (with the specific marker M269 present).  European R1b is dominated by R-M269, where the  frequency is about 71% in Scotland, 70% in Spain and 60% in France.  Here is the migration map for this haplogroup:

As you can see, everyone can trace their lineage to a common ancestor in Africa and in our case, the migration ends up in western Europe (France).  The R1b branch first arrived in Europe from Asia about 40 000 years ago.

Resources

If you are interested in doing a DNA test, you can save money on some tests by joining the Comeau project at Family Tree DNA (or any other project).

Another option, is doing a test via AncestryDNA.  There is also a Comeau DNA group at Ancestry.

There other companies that offer DNA tests.  Read up on the possibility of exporting your data so you can import it into other database for comparison.  And the reputation of the company is important, regarding the security and confidentiality.

Other resources:

Ysearch – the number one Y-DNA public database
SMGF: Y-Chromosome Database
The International Society of Genetic Genealogy

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Death records contest at Ancestry

Death records contest at Ancestry

“Mysterious deaths. Unexplained circumstances. Deep, dark secrets. Every family has haunting tales about relatives who have passed on. But the stories your dearly departed took to their graves aren’t always gone forever. This October, the answers could be as close as a death record.”

Starting today on Ancestry, you can participate in a contest by digging through records to answer some a challenge and have a chance to win prizes.  Check back daily for tips, hints and more challenges—each one you answer is another entry in a grand prize drawing.

To participate go to http://www.ancestry.com/death

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Study case: A link between the Comeau and Leclerc families

Study case:  A link between the Comeau and Leclerc families

The Leclerc family is a big family, especially in Quebec.  It’s the 28th most encountered surname in Quebec and there are about six times more people bearing the name Leclerc than Comeau in Quebec.  There are numerous branches of Leclerc, the most important being the descendancy of Jean Leclerc and Marie Blanquet of Dieppe, Normandy, who established themselves in l’île d’Orléans, Quebec.

Other people took on the name of Leclerc throughout the years.  One of them is Jean Comeau, son of Ambroise Comeau and Marguerite Cormier.  That family settled in the region of Bonaventure, Quebec after the deportation.  Their son Jean Comeau, born ABT 1743 was also known as Jean Comeau dit Clair.  He married Esther Babin and had a son named Jean who was born ABT 1774 in Carleton, Bonaventure, Quebec.

Jean Comeau dit Clerc married Angélique Landry on January 12th, 1802 in Carleton.  Here is the parish record:

The couple had at least ten children and most of them took on the name Clerc.  Jean Comeau dit Clerc, died on July 6th, 1848, in Carleton.  he his listed as Jean Clerc.

With time the descendants were known as Leclerc or Leclair and a lot of them can be found in Bonaventure or nearby.

I am in the process of developing the families and the result will appear over time in the database section of the website.

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Research: Voters lists on Ancestry.ca

Research: Voters lists on Ancestry.ca

After the arrival of the new collection at Ancestry.ca, here are the first results of me researching my Comeau family:

Before 1935, municipal voters lists were used in federal elections. Starting with the election of 1935, federal voters lists were created.

I searched for my great grandfather, Dosithée Comeau (1883- 1966) .
The first time he appears is on the 1940 list in Lachine, Québec, electoral district Jacques-Cartier:

 

He lived at 11, 6th avenue. His occupation is labourer.  His daughter Béatrice (23 years old) is also listed.  His first wife died in 1934:

In 1945,  he is also listed in Lachine, this time at the address 17, 6th avenue (still listed as a labourer). His second spouse his now listed (the wedding took place on December 8th, 1942 in Lachine).  His son Bruno (23 years old) joins Béatrice on the list:

Next, the 1949 Canada voters list.  His address is 23, 6th avenue (still a labourer):

In 1957, still in Lachine at the same address, but now listed as a pensioner. I notice now that three other persons are listed at the address   Probably renting rooms as it was common at that time:

 

In 1962, I cannot find Dosithée, as the address does not appear on the list:

 

 

Dosithée died on April 8, 1966 in Lachine.

The hurdles that were encountered during the search

The first difficulty was the index.

In 1940, the indexed name of my ancestor is Dosithie Comeau
In 1945, Doslthte Comeau
In 1949, Doeithee Comeau
And in 1957, Dosithae Comeau

I don’t understand why we see these differences as the page were generated by a typewriter and all the pages visited were clear and easily readable.

The second difficulty was the constant changes in electoral districts, making a narrow search harder:

In 1940, Lachine is under the electoral district of Jacques-Cartier
In 1945,  Mont-Royal
In 1949, back to Jacques-Cartier
And in 1957,  Jacques-Cartier-Lasalle

To help with this issue, you can visit the federal governement website, adn use the search page for the history of federal ridings:

http://www.parl.gc.ca/About/Parliament/FederalRidingsHistory/hfer.asp?byElection=&canName=&canParty=0&Election=N&genElection=&rid=&ridName=&ridProvince=&Search=T&Source=AboutParl_Process&txtComments=&Language=E

Some tips

Always remember about possible ways or writing a name or surname.  I saw some Comeau, Commeau, Como and Macameau listed.

If a person cannot be found, look for known neighbors.  That was how I saw that the known address of my ancestor was not listed in 1962.

Resources

http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/022/022-911.006-e.html

http://www.ancestry.ca/cavoterslists

 

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